Dysfunctions of the tiny cell processes (primary cilia) of the pancreatic beta cells could be a cause of type 2 diabetes. Little is known about the structure and function of these cilia. An ...

Researchers have developed synthetic genes that function like the genes in living cells. The artificial genes can build intracellular structures through a cascading sequence that builds ...

All cells need to sense and respond to their environment—to know when to activate genes, build proteins and carry out their basic functions. One of the most well-studied cellular responses is how they ...

B lymphocytes exhibit dual roles in tumorigenesis, acting as both allies and adversaries in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Their anti-tumor functions include recognizing tumor-associated antigens, ...

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced naturally during cellular metabolism often cause oxidative damage to cells. However, these molecules also play an important role in normal cellular signaling.

Hormones coordinate different body functions by carrying messages through the bloodstream to target cells and tissues. Hormonal imbalances occur through inadequate or excess hormone synthesis, which ...

After nearly four decades of research, Mayo Clinic scientists have revealed the molecular structures of protein kinase C beta ...

A new Review reveals how aging can push the immune system into a paradoxical state, weaker against threats yet more prone to attacking the body’s own tissues.