In the future, India will play a larger role in Africa.
It’s not certain that China’s response to US trade tensions has influenced its Africa policy, but there are coincidences.
Chinese foreign direct investment in Africa between 2013 and 2021 exceeded that of the United States, rising from $75 million in 2003 to $5 billion in 2021. The materials to fuel China’s green ...
The Chinese Communist Party’s (CCP) controversial actions in Africa’s mining sector and its damage to human rights, exacerbation of labor exploitation and regional instability—particularly in the ...
Trump is dumping that misguided approach and moving from soft to hard power tactics. After all, China employs hard power in ...