This backbone is composed of alternating sugar and phosphate groups, and defines directionality of the molecule. DNA and RNA are composed of nucleotides that are linked to one another in a chain ...

DNA is always synthesized in the 5'-to-3' direction, meaning that nucleotides are added only to the 3' end of the growing strand. As shown in Figure 2, the 5'-phosphate group of the new nucleotide ...

In the DNA molecule, A always pairs up with T, and C always pairs up with G. The sides of the DNA ladder consist of a long string of sugar and phosphate molecules, to which the bases are attached.

What is DNA, and how does it work? You don't need a degree in genetics to understand. Here, we'll give an overview of DNA and ...