While both operational amplifiers and voltage comparators have been with us since before 1970, the similarities and differences tend to be vague. This discussion will help in understanding this ...

Though current feedback operational amplifiers (CFOAs) are still less common in educational circles and technical literature than voltage feedback operational amplifiers (VFOAs or VFAs), they have ...

My hands-on introduction to operational amplifiers was in 1969 while in the army as a junior scientist in the Atmospheric Science Laboratory at the White Sands Proving Grounds. We had taken a ...

Current is a measure of how much electric charge flows through a circuit. The more charge that flows, the bigger the current. Current is measured in amperes. The symbol for ampere is A. For example, ...

The ordinary modern IC op amp is fully applicable to most standard amplifier configurations. Error sources are small and may be of no concern, or one can easily ...

In the last Circuit VR we looked at some basic op amp circuits in a simulator, including the non-inverting amplifier. Sometimes you want an amplifier that inverts the signal. That is a 5V input ...

For electricity to flow, everything needs to be connected in a big ring. It’s called a circuit. For example, the lights in most houses and flats are part of a circuit controlled by the consumer unit, ...

To improve efficiency in high-power applications, voltage regulators can be used in parallel to double output current capability—if a means of forcing current sharing is provided. One circuit approach ...