Discover how chewing wood can boost brain antioxidants and memory.

It begins in the mouth with mastication and saliva mixing, followed by swallowing, where food is pushed into the esophagus and then into the stomach. The muscular contractions in the stomach churn ...

Our research shows that, unlike at other barriers, the mouth has a different way of stimulating Th17 cells: not by bacteria but by mastication. Therefore mastication can induce a protective immune ...