Background The evidence on associations between ultra-processed foods (UPF) and lung cancer risk is limited and inconsistent. Research question Are UPF associated with an increased risk of lung cancer ...

There remain many treatment uncertainties in cystic fibrosis (CF). With limited resources, research should focus on questions which are most important to the CF community. We conducted a James Lind ...

Background Little is known about the prevalence of severe, uncontrolled eosinophilic asthma (SUEA) and associated costs. Aims We sought to determine the prevalence of SUEA and compare asthma-related ...

Aims: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Spain and identify the level of undiagnosed disease and its impact on health-related quality of ...

Rationale Advanced fibrosing interstitial lung disease (ILD) is often progressive and associated with a high burden of symptoms and poor prognosis. Little is known about the symptom prevalence and ...

Background Early detection of lung cancer saves lives, as demonstrated by the two largest published low-dose CT screening trials. Optimal implementation depends on our ability to identify those most ...

### Philosophy of the guideline ### Assessing patients Figure 1 Chart 1: Oxygen prescription for acutely hypoxaemic patients in hospital. ABG, arterial blood gas; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary ...

Background Panax ginseng (ginseng) is a therapeutic herb which might be beneficial in COPD. The study investigated if ginseng, compared with placebo, is effective and safe for people with moderate ...

Background Recent studies have suggested that a restrictive pattern assessed with a single spirometric test is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. This study was undertaken to determine ...

Background Exacerbations cause morbidity and mortality for patients with severe asthma. Furthermore, their treatment with oral corticosteroids (OCS) can lead to toxicity. Raised blood eosinophils are ...

Objective NEWS2 (RCP 2017)1 recommends use of ‘SpO2 Scale 2’ in patients with hypercapnic respiratory failure (usually due to COPD) to aim target saturations of 88–92%. We aimed to identify if COPD ...

BACKGROUND Inhalation of nitric oxide with oxygen could be a promising treatment in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and pulmonary hypertension. However, the current methods ...