Particle physics is the study of the elementary building blocks of matter and radiation and their interaction. The fundamental particles are summarised by the standard model. This includes leptons ...

Particle astrophysics is the study of fundamental particles travelling through space, particularly those that reach the Earth. These cosmic rays include photons, protons, alpha particles and neutrinos ...

The different colours of light that we get from the sun What happens when light hits a raindrop Why rainbows are arch-shaped How you can create your own rainbow This resource is suitable for weather ...

When a material is heated or cooled, two changes may happen to the particles within the material: The number of particles does not change during a change of state, only their spacing and arrangement.